Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE VISCOUS versus MEPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE VISCOUS versus MEPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
LIDOCAINE VISCOUS vs MEPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.7, Nav1.8) in neuronal membranes, inhibiting depolarization and propagation of action potentials, thereby producing local anesthesia. It also has antiarrhythmic properties (class IB) by blocking sodium channels in cardiac myocytes.
Mepivacaine hydrochloride is an amide-type local anesthetic that reversibly blocks nerve impulse propagation by binding to sodium channels in the neuronal cell membrane, thereby stabilizing the membrane and preventing depolarization.
15 mL (300 mg) orally every 3 hours as needed for pain; maximum 8 doses per 24 hours.
1-2% solution, 5-20 mL local infiltration or nerve block, maximum 400 mg per procedure.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is 1.5–2 hours (up to 3 hours in hepatic impairment). Clinically, redistribution half-life (~6 min) determines duration of action after short infusions.
Terminal elimination half-life approximately 2 hours (range 1.5–3 hours). In neonates and patients with hepatic dysfunction, half-life may be prolonged up to 8–10 hours.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >90% of elimination; <10% biliary/fecal. Metabolites include monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX).
Primarily hepatic metabolism via amidase enzymes; ~95% excreted as metabolites in bile and feces, <5% unchanged in urine.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic