Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LISINOPRIL AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE versus UNIVASC.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LISINOPRIL AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE versus UNIVASC.
LISINOPRIL AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE vs UNIVASC
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, increasing diuresis and lowering blood pressure.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor; inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion, leading to decreased blood pressure.
Initial dose: 10 mg/12.5 mg orally once daily. Titrate based on blood pressure response; maximum 40 mg/25 mg per day.
Initial: 7.5 mg orally once daily; titrate to 15-30 mg once daily. Maximum: 60 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Lisinopril: terminal half-life 12 hours, effective half-life ~30 hours due to prolonged ACE inhibition. Hydrochlorothiazide: terminal half-life 5.6-14.8 hours (mean 9.6 hours) in patients with normal renal function.
The terminal elimination half-life of moexiprilat, the active metabolite, is approximately 9.8 hours in patients with normal renal function. This supports once-daily dosing, though the antihypertensive effect may persist beyond 24 hours with continued therapy.
Lisinopril: primarily renal (100% unchanged in urine). Hydrochlorothiazide: renal (≥95% unchanged via tubular secretion).
Univasc (moexipril) is primarily eliminated via renal excretion (approximately 50% of absorbed dose as unchanged drug and metabolites) and fecal excretion (about 50%).
Category D/X
Category C
ACE Inhibitor
ACE Inhibitor