Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LOXAPINE SUCCINATE versus MELLARIL.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LOXAPINE SUCCINATE versus MELLARIL.
LOXAPINE SUCCINATE vs MELLARIL
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Loxapine is a dibenzoxazepine antipsychotic that exerts its effects primarily through antagonism of dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. It also has moderate affinity for histamine H1, alpha-1 adrenergic, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
Thioridazine is a phenothiazine antipsychotic that blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic D1 and D2 receptors, and also blocks alpha-adrenergic receptors, histamine H1 receptors, and muscarinic M1 receptors.
Initial: 10 mg twice daily orally; increase to 25-50 mg twice daily over 7-10 days; maximum 250 mg/day. IM: 12.5-50 mg every 4-6 hours.
Typical adult dose: 10-25 mg orally 3 times daily. Maximum dose: 200 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 12–19 hours (mean 16 hours) after oral administration; steady-state reached within 3–5 days.
Terminal elimination half-life 21-24 hours; steady-state achieved within 5-7 days
Renal (approximately 60% as metabolites, <1% unchanged) and fecal (approximately 40% as metabolites).
Primarily renal (70-80% as metabolites, <1% unchanged); biliary/fecal (20-30%)
Category C
Category C
Antipsychotic
Antipsychotic