Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LOXITANE IM versus MOLINDONE HYDROCHLORIDE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LOXITANE IM versus MOLINDONE HYDROCHLORIDE.
LOXITANE IM vs MOLINDONE HYDROCHLORIDE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
LOXITANE IM (loxapine) is a dibenzoxazepine antipsychotic. Its mechanism of action is not fully established but is thought to be mediated via antagonism of central dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. It has high affinity for D2, D3, D4, and 5-HT2A receptors and low affinity for D1 receptors. It also has moderate affinity for histamine H1 and alpha1-adrenergic receptors.
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist; also blocks serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and alpha-adrenergic receptors.
Adults: 12.5-50 mg IM every 4-6 hours as needed, not to exceed 150 mg/day.
50-225 mg/day orally in 3-4 divided doses; usual effective dose 50-75 mg/day; maximum 225 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 8-12 hours. Clinically, steady-state reached in 2-3 days; dosing interval based on q6-12h.
1.5-2 hours; shorter than typical antipsychotics, requiring multiple daily dosing.
Primarily renal: 70% as metabolites; biliary/fecal: 30% as metabolites and unchanged drug.
Renal: 65-70% as metabolites and unchanged drug; Fecal: 20-25%; Biliary: minor.
Category C
Category C
Antipsychotic
Antipsychotic