Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LOXITANE IM versus NAVANE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LOXITANE IM versus NAVANE.
LOXITANE IM vs NAVANE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
LOXITANE IM (loxapine) is a dibenzoxazepine antipsychotic. Its mechanism of action is not fully established but is thought to be mediated via antagonism of central dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. It has high affinity for D2, D3, D4, and 5-HT2A receptors and low affinity for D1 receptors. It also has moderate affinity for histamine H1 and alpha1-adrenergic receptors.
Thioxanthene neuroleptic; blocks postsynaptic dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the brain; also exhibits anticholinergic, alpha-adrenergic blocking, and sedative effects.
Adults: 12.5-50 mg IM every 4-6 hours as needed, not to exceed 150 mg/day.
Oral: 10-20 mg three times daily; maximum 160 mg/day. IM (acute): 5-10 mg every 4-6 hours; maximum 30 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 8-12 hours. Clinically, steady-state reached in 2-3 days; dosing interval based on q6-12h.
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 20-24 hours, allowing for once-daily dosing. Steady-state reached in 4-5 days.
Primarily renal: 70% as metabolites; biliary/fecal: 30% as metabolites and unchanged drug.
Primarily hepatic metabolism; approximately 20-30% excreted renally as metabolites, <1% unchanged. Biliary/fecal excretion accounts for ~50% of metabolites.
Category C
Category C
Antipsychotic
Antipsychotic, Typical