Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: MAXAIR versus THEOPHYL.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: MAXAIR versus THEOPHYL.
MAXAIR vs THEOPHYL
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist; relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via increased intracellular cAMP.
Theophylline is a methylxanthine that causes bronchodilation primarily through inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) and antagonism of adenosine receptors. It also has mild anti-inflammatory effects and enhances mucociliary clearance.
2 inhalations (340 mcg) via oral inhalation every 4-6 hours as needed for bronchospasm; not to exceed 12 inhalations per day.
300 mg orally every 6 hours or 400-600 mg extended-release orally every 12-24 hours; intravenous loading dose 5-6 mg/kg over 20-30 minutes, then continuous infusion 0.4-0.6 mg/kg/h
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateTheophylline + Gatifloxacin
"The metabolism of Gatifloxacin can be decreased when combined with Theophylline."
Clinical Note
moderateTheophylline + Rosoxacin
"The metabolism of Rosoxacin can be decreased when combined with Theophylline."
Clinical Note
moderateTheophylline + Levofloxacin
"The metabolism of Levofloxacin can be decreased when combined with Theophylline."
Clinical Note
moderateTheophylline + Trovafloxacin
3.5–4.0 hours; clinically, this supports dosing every 4–6 hours as needed.
Terminal elimination half-life: Adults nonsmokers: 6–12 h (mean 8.7 h); adult smokers: 4–5 h; children: 3–5 h; neonates: 20–30 h; hepatic cirrhosis: up to 30 h. Half-life increases with congestive heart failure, fever, and concurrent CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., cimetidine, fluvoxamine).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug accounts for approximately 90% of elimination; fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Renal: 10% unchanged in adults (higher in neonates). Hepatic metabolism to inactive metabolites (1,3-dimethyluric acid, 3-methylxanthine, 1-methyluric acid) excreted renally; fecal excretion <5%.
Category C
Category C
Bronchodilator
Bronchodilator
"The metabolism of Trovafloxacin can be decreased when combined with Theophylline."