Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: MAXOLON versus PROMETHAZINE W CODEINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: MAXOLON versus PROMETHAZINE W CODEINE.
MAXOLON vs PROMETHAZINE W/ CODEINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Metoclopramide, the active ingredient in MAXOLON, is a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist and also enhances the response to acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to increased gastric motility and accelerated gastric emptying. It also has antiemetic effects by blocking dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ).
Codeine is a prodrug converted to morphine, a mu-opioid receptor agonist, which inhibits nociceptive transmission; promethazine is a phenothiazine derivative with H1-receptor antagonism, anticholinergic, and antiemetic effects.
10 mg orally, intramuscularly, or intravenously three to four times daily. Maximum daily dose: 30 mg or 0.5 mg/kg.
10 mL (1 mg codeine, 6.25 mg promethazine per 5 mL) orally every 4-6 hours as needed for cough. Maximum: 60 mL per day. Do not exceed 5 days.
None Documented
None Documented
5-6 hours in adults with normal renal function; prolonged to 15-20 hours in severe renal impairment (CrCl <10 mL/min).
Promethazine: 10-19 hours (terminal). Codeine: 2.5-3.5 hours (terminal); prolonged in renal impairment.
Renal: 85-95% as unchanged drug and metabolites; biliary/fecal: <5%.
Promethazine: renal (70% as metabolites, <1% unchanged), fecal (20-30%). Codeine: renal (90%, of which 5-10% unchanged, rest as metabolites), fecal (minor).
Category C
Category A/B
Antiemetic
Antihistamine / Antiemetic