Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: NESACAINE MPF versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: NESACAINE MPF versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
NESACAINE-MPF vs XYLOCAINE DENTAL
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Nesacaine-MPF (chloroprocaine) is an ester-type local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking impulse conduction in nerve fibers.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
1% solution: 2.5-30 mL (25-300 mg) subcutaneously or locally; maximum 30 mL per dose. 2% solution: 1.25-15 mL (25-300 mg) subcutaneously or locally; maximum 15 mL per dose.
Xylocaine Dental (lidocaine HCl 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 or 1:50,000): For infiltration/inferior alveolar nerve block, maximum dose 3.4 mg/kg (4.5 mg/kg with epinephrine 1:100,000) not to exceed 300 mg; usual adult dose: 1–5 mL (20–100 mg) administered via oral submucosal injection.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal half-life: 3-4 hours (adults); prolonged in hepatic or renal impairment.
1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. Prolonged to 2–3 hours in patients with hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure; may exceed 5 hours in severe hepatic disease.
Renal excretion of metabolites; <10% unchanged drug. Biliary/fecal elimination minor.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >95% of the dose. Approximately 70% is excreted as the metabolite 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine; less than 10% is unchanged lidocaine. Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic