Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: NITROFURANTOIN MONOHYDRATE MACROCRYSTALS versus TIMENTIN.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: NITROFURANTOIN MONOHYDRATE MACROCRYSTALS versus TIMENTIN.
NITROFURANTOIN (MONOHYDRATE/MACROCRYSTALS) vs TIMENTIN
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Nitrofurantoin is reduced by bacterial flavoproteins to reactive intermediates that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and DNA/RNA synthesis. It is bacteriostatic at low concentrations and bactericidal at higher concentrations.
Timentin is a combination of ticarcillin, a penicillin-class antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), and clavulanic acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor that irreversibly inhibits a wide range of beta-lactamase enzymes, thereby preventing degradation of ticarcillin and extending its spectrum to include beta-lactamase-producing organisms.
100 mg orally twice daily for 5-7 days; for uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
3.1 g (ticarcillin 3 g + clavulanic acid 0.1 g) IV every 4-6 hours; for moderate infections, 3.1 g IV every 6 hours; for severe infections, 3.1 g IV every 4 hours.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 20-60 minutes (average ~30 min) in patients with normal renal function; prolonged in renal impairment (e.g., CrCl <60 mL/min).
Ticarcillin: ~1.1 hours; clavulanate: ~1.0 hours. Prolonged in renal impairment (CrCl <10 mL/min: ticarcillin half-life ~13 hours).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug accounts for approximately 40% of the dose; tubular reabsorption occurs. Biliary/fecal elimination is minimal (<5%).
Renal: 60-80% ticarcillin and 50-70% clavulanate excreted unchanged in urine via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Fecal: minimal.
Category D/X
Category C
Antibiotic
Antibiotic