Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: NITROFURANTOIN MONOHYDRATE MACROCRYSTALS versus TRIMPEX.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: NITROFURANTOIN MONOHYDRATE MACROCRYSTALS versus TRIMPEX.
NITROFURANTOIN (MONOHYDRATE/MACROCRYSTALS) vs TRIMPEX
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Nitrofurantoin is reduced by bacterial flavoproteins to reactive intermediates that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and DNA/RNA synthesis. It is bacteriostatic at low concentrations and bactericidal at higher concentrations.
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, blocking the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, thereby inhibiting bacterial thymidine synthesis and DNA replication.
100 mg orally twice daily for 5-7 days; for uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
5 mg/kg orally every 6 hours for acute infections; 5 mg/kg orally every 12 hours for chronic urinary tract infections.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 20-60 minutes (average ~30 min) in patients with normal renal function; prolonged in renal impairment (e.g., CrCl <60 mL/min).
8-11 hours; prolonged in renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min: 20-40 hours)
Renal excretion of unchanged drug accounts for approximately 40% of the dose; tubular reabsorption occurs. Biliary/fecal elimination is minimal (<5%).
Renal: 40-70% as unchanged drug; biliary/fecal: minimal (10-15% as metabolites)
Category D/X
Category C
Antibiotic
Antibiotic