Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ORBACTIV versus TRIMETHOPRIM SULFATE AND POLYMYXIN B SULFATE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ORBACTIV versus TRIMETHOPRIM SULFATE AND POLYMYXIN B SULFATE.
ORBACTIV vs TRIMETHOPRIM SULFATE AND POLYMYXIN B SULFATE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Oritavancin is a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of the peptidoglycan precursor, disrupting transglycosylation and transpeptidation. It also disrupts bacterial membrane integrity and causes depolarization, leading to cell death.
Trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis and thereby inhibiting thymidine synthesis. Polymyxin B disrupts bacterial cell membrane integrity by binding to lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria.
1200 mg IV once daily for 3 days
One drop in each affected eye every 2 to 4 hours for 7 to 10 days.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 15.1 hours in healthy adults; in patients with renal impairment, half-life is prolonged (up to 28 hours in severe renal impairment).
Trimethoprim: 8-10 hours (normal renal function); Polymyxin B: 6 hours (prolonged in renal impairment).
Primarily renal excretion as unchanged drug (approximately 33% of administered dose) and via biliary/fecal elimination (~50% recovered in feces as parent drug and metabolites).
Trimethoprim: renal (80-90% unchanged, 10-20% metabolites); Polymyxin B: renal (60% unchanged, 40% nonrenal).
Category C
Category D/X
Antibiotic
Antibiotic