Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: PARACAINE versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: PARACAINE versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
PARACAINE vs XYLOCAINE DENTAL
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Local anesthetic that reversibly blocks sodium channels in neuronal membranes, inhibiting nerve impulse conduction.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
10-20 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum 80 mg/day.
Xylocaine Dental (lidocaine HCl 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 or 1:50,000): For infiltration/inferior alveolar nerve block, maximum dose 3.4 mg/kg (4.5 mg/kg with epinephrine 1:100,000) not to exceed 300 mg; usual adult dose: 1–5 mL (20–100 mg) administered via oral submucosal injection.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Fluticasone propionate
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Fluticasone propionate."
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Clemastine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Clemastine."
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Venlafaxine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Venlafaxine."
Clinical Note
moderate2.5 hours; prolonged to 8 hours in cirrhosis due to reduced hepatic metabolism
1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. Prolonged to 2–3 hours in patients with hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure; may exceed 5 hours in severe hepatic disease.
Renal: 90% (70% unchanged, 20% as paracainol glucuronide); Biliary/Fecal: 10%
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >95% of the dose. Approximately 70% is excreted as the metabolite 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine; less than 10% is unchanged lidocaine. Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic
Proparacaine + Nefazodone
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Nefazodone."