Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFADIAZINE versus SULFAMETHOPRIM.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFADIAZINE versus SULFAMETHOPRIM.
SULFADIAZINE vs SULFAMETHOPRIM
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Competitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, blocking the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria.
Sulfamethoprim is a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits bacterial dihydropteroate synthase, blocking folic acid synthesis; trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, also blocking folic acid synthesis. This sequential blockade produces bactericidal effects.
Oral: 2-4 g initially, then 1 g every 4-6 hours for mild to moderate infections; for severe infections, 4 g initially followed by 1.5 g every 4 hours. IV: Not available in IV form in the US; if using oral suspension, adjust accordingly.
Oral or intravenous: 800 mg sulfamethoxazole / 160 mg trimethoprim every 12 hours.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Gatifloxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Gatifloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Rosoxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Rosoxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Levofloxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Levofloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Trovafloxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Trovafloxacin."
Terminal elimination half-life 10-20 hours (prolonged in renal impairment; may require dose adjustment)
Terminal elimination half-life: 8-12 hours in adults with normal renal function. Prolonged in renal impairment (up to 24-48 hours).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug (50-70%) and acetylated metabolites; minor biliary/fecal (<5%)
Renal: 60-80% as unchanged drug via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; biliary: 5-10%; fecal: <5%.
Category D/X
Category C
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
Sulfonamide Antibiotic