Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFADIAZINE versus SULFATRIM.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFADIAZINE versus SULFATRIM.
SULFADIAZINE vs SULFATRIM
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Competitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, blocking the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria.
Sulfatrim is a combination of sulfamethoxazole, a dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor that blocks folate synthesis, and trimethoprim, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor that blocks reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate, resulting in sequential inhibition of bacterial folate metabolism.
Oral: 2-4 g initially, then 1 g every 4-6 hours for mild to moderate infections; for severe infections, 4 g initially followed by 1.5 g every 4 hours. IV: Not available in IV form in the US; if using oral suspension, adjust accordingly.
160 mg trimethoprim / 800 mg sulfamethoxazole (1 DS tablet) orally every 12 hours for 10-14 days.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Gatifloxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Gatifloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Rosoxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Rosoxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Levofloxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Levofloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfadiazine + Trovafloxacin
"Sulfadiazine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Trovafloxacin."
Terminal elimination half-life 10-20 hours (prolonged in renal impairment; may require dose adjustment)
Sulfamethoxazole: 9-11 hours (prolonged in renal impairment, e.g., up to 30 hours in severe renal failure). Trimethoprim: 8-10 hours (prolonged in hepatic impairment).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug (50-70%) and acetylated metabolites; minor biliary/fecal (<5%)
Renal (70-80% as unchanged sulfamethoxazole and N4-acetylated metabolite; 30-40% as unchanged trimethoprim), biliary/fecal (20-30% sulfamethoxazole; 10-20% trimethoprim)
Category D/X
Category C
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
Sulfonamide Antibiotic