Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFAMETHOPRIM versus SULFATRIM DS.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFAMETHOPRIM versus SULFATRIM DS.
SULFAMETHOPRIM vs SULFATRIM-DS
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Sulfamethoprim is a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits bacterial dihydropteroate synthase, blocking folic acid synthesis; trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, also blocking folic acid synthesis. This sequential blockade produces bactericidal effects.
Sulfamethoxazole inhibits bacterial dihydropteroate synthase, blocking folate synthesis. Trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. Sequential blockade of folate metabolism exerts bactericidal effect.
Oral or intravenous: 800 mg sulfamethoxazole / 160 mg trimethoprim every 12 hours.
One double-strength tablet (160 mg trimethoprim/800 mg sulfamethoxazole) orally every 12 hours.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 8-12 hours in adults with normal renal function. Prolonged in renal impairment (up to 24-48 hours).
SMX: 9-11 hours (terminal); TMP: 8-10 hours; prolonged in renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min: up to 20-30 hours for both).
Renal: 60-80% as unchanged drug via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; biliary: 5-10%; fecal: <5%.
Renal: 50-70% of total sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and 30% of trimethoprim (TMP) as unchanged drug via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; 20-40% of SMX as N4-acetylated metabolite; biliary excretion accounts for <5%.
Category C
Category C
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
Sulfonamide Antibiotic