Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFAMETHOXAZOLE versus SULFANILAMIDE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: SULFAMETHOXAZOLE versus SULFANILAMIDE.
SULFAMETHOXAZOLE vs SULFANILAMIDE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Displaces dihydropteroate synthetase from its substrate para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), inhibiting bacterial folate synthesis. Bacteriostatic against susceptible organisms.
Competitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, blocking para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) incorporation into dihydropteroic acid, thereby inhibiting bacterial folic acid synthesis.
800 mg sulfamethoxazole with 160 mg trimethoprim (DS tablet) orally every 12 hours.
2-4 g orally initially, then 2-4 g every 4-6 hours, not to exceed 12 g/day; intravenous: 4-8 g/day in divided doses every 6-8 hours.
None Documented
None Documented
9-11 hours in adults with normal renal function. Prolonged in renal impairment: up to 20-30 hours. In neonates, 6-12 hours.
Clinical Note
moderateSulfamethoxazole + Gatifloxacin
"Sulfamethoxazole may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Gatifloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfamethoxazole + Rosoxacin
"Sulfamethoxazole may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Rosoxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfamethoxazole + Trovafloxacin
"Sulfamethoxazole may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Trovafloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateSulfamethoxazole + Nalidixic acid
Terminal elimination half-life: 7-12 hours; prolonged in renal impairment (up to 24-48 hours).
Primarily renal; ~80-90% excreted unchanged in urine, with 15-30% as acetylated metabolite. Biliary/fecal <5%.
Primarily renal via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; ~50-70% excreted unchanged in urine; biliary/fecal excretion minimal (<5%).
Category D/X
Category C
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
Sulfonamide Antibiotic
"Sulfamethoxazole may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Nalidixic acid."