Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: XYLOCAINE DENTAL versus XYLOCAINE VISCOUS.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: XYLOCAINE DENTAL versus XYLOCAINE VISCOUS.
XYLOCAINE DENTAL vs XYLOCAINE VISCOUS
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, inhibiting nerve impulse propagation and reducing pain sensation.
Xylocaine Dental (lidocaine HCl 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 or 1:50,000): For infiltration/inferior alveolar nerve block, maximum dose 3.4 mg/kg (4.5 mg/kg with epinephrine 1:100,000) not to exceed 300 mg; usual adult dose: 1–5 mL (20–100 mg) administered via oral submucosal injection.
Adults: 5-15 mL orally (or swish and spit) 4-6 times daily, not to exceed 4 doses in 12 hours or 30 mL in 12 hours.
None Documented
None Documented
1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. Prolonged to 2–3 hours in patients with hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure; may exceed 5 hours in severe hepatic disease.
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5-2 hours in adults; prolonged in hepatic impairment or heart failure (up to 6-8 hours). In neonates, half-life may be 3-6 hours due to immature metabolism.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >95% of the dose. Approximately 70% is excreted as the metabolite 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine; less than 10% is unchanged lidocaine. Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Renal excretion of metabolites: ~90%. Unchanged drug: <10%. Biliary/fecal: minor.
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic