DECABID
Clinical safety rating: caution
Comprehensive clinical and safety monograph for DECABID (DECABID).
Decabid is a combination of chlorpheniramine (antihistamine) and pseudoephedrine (decongestant). Chlorpheniramine competitively antagonizes histamine at H1 receptors, reducing allergic symptoms. Pseudoephedrine acts as a sympathomimetic agent, stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors to cause vasoconstriction, reducing nasal congestion.
| Metabolism | Chlorpheniramine is extensively metabolized in the liver via N-demethylation (CYP2D6, CYP3A4) to inactive metabolites. Pseudoephedrine is partially metabolized in the liver by N-demethylation to active metabolite, but mainly excreted unchanged in urine. |
| Excretion | Renal (50% as unchanged drug), fecal (40% as metabolites), biliary (10% as glucuronide conjugates) |
| Half-life | 12 hours (terminal); prolonged to 24 hours in renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min) |
| Protein binding | 95% bound to albumin and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein |
| Volume of Distribution | 0.8 L/kg (0.6-1.0 L/kg), indicating extensive tissue distribution |
| Bioavailability | Oral: 70% (first-pass metabolism reduces absorption); IM: 90% |
| Onset of Action | Oral: 30-60 minutes; IV: 5-10 minutes |
| Duration of Action | 6-8 hours (oral); 4-6 hours (IV); extended-release formulations up to 12 hours |
| Action Class | Anabolic steroid |
| Brand Substitutes | Nanac 50mg Injection, Andron 50mg Injection, Deca Ndr 50mg Injection, ND Gold 50mg Injection, Decabact 50mg Injection, Ndr 25mg Injection, Velbol 25mg Injection, Martilone 25mg Injection, Sensinorm 25mg Injection, Novodec Injection |
1 capsule orally every 12 hours; each capsule contains 10 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 75 mg carbinoxamine maleate.
| Dosage form | TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE |
| Renal impairment | No specific guidelines; contraindicated in severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min). |
| Liver impairment | No specific guidelines; contraindicated in severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C). |
| Pediatric use | Not recommended for children under 6 years; for ages 6-12: 0.5 capsule (5 mg phenylephrine/37.5 mg carbinoxamine) every 12 hours. |
| Geriatric use | Use with caution; increased sensitivity to anticholinergic effects and hypertension; consider lower starting dose. |
| 1st trimester | Consult provider |
| 2nd trimester | Consult provider |
| 3rd trimester | Consult provider |
Clinical note
Comprehensive clinical and safety monograph for DECABID (DECABID).
| Breastfeeding | No data on excretion into breast milk. M/P ratio unknown. Use caution; monitor infant for hypotension and bradycardia. Consider alternative agents. |
| Teratogenic Risk | Decabid (debrisoquine) is not assigned an FDA pregnancy category. Animal studies have not been conducted; no human data are available. First trimester: potential risk cannot be ruled out. Second and third trimesters: unknown risk; avoid use unless benefit outweighs risk. |
| Fetal Monitoring |
■ FDA Black Box Warning
No FDA black box warnings.
| Serious Effects |
["Hypersensitivity to chlorpheniramine, pseudoephedrine, or any component","Severe hypertension or coronary artery disease","Concurrent use of MAO inhibitors or within 14 days of discontinuation","Angle-closure glaucoma","Urinary retention","Children under 6 years of age (due to risk of adverse effects)"]
| Precautions | ["Use caution in patients with hypertension, heart disease, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, or prostate enlargement","May cause drowsiness; avoid driving or operating machinery","Avoid concurrent use with MAO inhibitors or other sympathomimetics","Use in elderly may cause increased sensitivity to anticholinergic effects"] |
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| Monitor maternal blood pressure, heart rate, and fetal growth. Assess for signs of maternal hypotension or bradycardia. Fetal ultrasound for growth restriction if used in pregnancy. |
| Fertility Effects | No data on human fertility effects. Animal reproductive studies have not been performed. Potential for reversible impairment of spermatogenesis based on related compounds. |