Osmitrol 5% in water in plastic container
Clinical Indications
Osmotic diuresis for the promotion of diuresis in prevention/treatment of oliguric acute renal failure. Also used to reduce intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure.
Dosing & Administration Rate
Test dose: 0.2 g/kg over 3-5 min in marked oliguria. Maintenance: 50-100 g/24 hours. Rate adjusted to maintain urine output >30-50 mL/hr.
Warnings & Precautions
May cause initial fluid overload exacerbating CHF, followed by severe dehydration. Monitor urine output, serum osmolarity, and electrolytes. Discard if crystals are present.
Contraindications
Anuria due to severe renal disease. Severe pulmonary congestion or frank pulmonary edema. Active intracranial bleeding.
Pharmacology & Safety Profile
Mechanism of Action
Elevates blood plasma osmolarity, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues (including brain and CSF) into interstitial fluid and plasma. Increases urine output.
Adverse Reactions
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance (initial volume expansion followed by dehydration), pulmonary edema, headache, nausea, chills.
Compatibility Notes
Do not administer with whole blood (can cause pseudoagglutination).
Electrolyte & Composition Profile
| Component | Amount / Concentration |
|---|---|
| Mannitol | 50 g/L (5%) |
| Water for Injection | q.s. |
| Caloric Density | 0 kcal/L |
Clinical Parameters
Clinical Disclaimer: Data compiled from FDA DailyMed, Baxter/Fresenius prescribing information, and USP monographs. Always verify against the physical product label, your institution's IV protocols, and current pharmacist guidance before administration.
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