Treatment Protocol

Weight loss, stop smoking, healthy balanced diet, salt restriction. Urine dipsticks and BP measurement yearly in high-risk patients.

Target 130/80 mmHg. Use ACE inhibitors (e.g., Captopril/Enalapril) as first-line for diabetics and patients with proteinuria (start low dose).

Anaemia: iron and folic acid (Target Hb 11-12 g/dL). Bone mineral disease: add calcium. Fluid retention: Furosemide.

GFR <60 ml/min, creatinine >1.9 mg/dl, or persistent proteinuria/haematuria beyond 3 months.