Internal Medicine

Inpatient deterioration monitoring with NEWS2

Hospital medicine relies on rapid, validated clinical scoring for patient triage and monitoring. The National Early Warning Score (NEWS2), developed by the Royal College of Physicians, standardizes the detection of clinical deterioration using six physiological parameters, triggering escalation protocols that reduce in-hospital cardiac arrest and mortality.

Preoperative cardiac risk evaluation

Preoperative medical evaluation uses the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI/Lee criteria) to estimate major cardiac event risk in non-cardiac surgery, guiding preoperative testing, medication management, and anesthetic planning. The Gupta MICA (NSQIP) calculator provides an alternative, procedure-specific cardiac risk estimate.

Electrolyte and acid-base management tools

Inpatient electrolyte and acid-base management requires systematic approaches. Our electrolyte correction tools, anion gap interpretation, and osmolality calculators support the diagnosis and management of common electrolyte disorders including hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and metabolic alkalosis.