Logo

OpiCalc

FavoritesSpecialtiesDrugsGuidelinesMost Used

Quick Access

Favorites
Most Used

All Specialties

OpiCalc Logo
Clinical CalculatorsDrugsGuidelines
SpecsDrugsGuides
ABCD2 ScoreACR CriteriaCorrected SodiumFENaHEART ScoreLights CriteriaNEWS2NRS-2002Osmolality GapRCRI (Lee Score)TTKG
OpiCalc Logo

OpiCalc

Easy, fast, and private medical tools for clinicians. Always free.

No Login Required
Ready for the Bedside

Resources

About UsEditorial PolicyMedical DisclaimerPrivacy PolicyTerms of UseCookie Policy

Support

Contact Us

Clinical Notice:OpiCalc is not a substitute for professional clinical judgment. Always verify dosages and guidelines.

OpiCalc © 2026

•

All Rights Reserved

HEART Score

HEART Score: Chest pain risk stratification in Emergency/Internal Medicine. Score ≤ 3 = low risk pathway (safe early discharge). Predicts 30-day MACE.
Guidelines & Evidence

Verified

Last Review: 2026-07-17

When to Use

When to Use

Adult patients ≥ 18 years presenting with chest pain to Emergency or Internal Medicine
Stratify risk of 30-day MACE (death, MI, or revascularisation)
Guide decision between early discharge vs admission and invasive workup
Combine with serial troponins (at 0h and 2–3h) for optimal accuracy

HEART Score + Troponin Algorithm

HEART score alone is not sufficient. Always combine with two serial high-sensitivity troponin measurements. A HEART 0–3 + two negative hs-troponins = 30-day MACE risk < 2% → safe early discharge.

How it Works

Five Components (0–2 points each)

H — History: Ischaemic character of chest pain
E — ECG: ST deviation, LBBB, LVH, or repolarisation changes
A — Age: < 45 = 0, 45–64 = 1, ≥ 65 = 2
R — Risk factors: Known atherosclerosis scores 2; ≥ 3 risk factors = 2; 1–2 risk factors = 1
T — Troponin: ≤ normal = 0; 1–3× ULN = 1; > 3× ULN = 2

Risk Strata

01
Score 0–3 (Low): 1.7% MACE. Early discharge safe with negative troponins.
02
Score 4–6 (Moderate): 12% MACE. Observation, serial troponins, stress testing.
03
Score 7–10 (High): 65% MACE. Early invasive strategy — catheterisation lab consultation.

Clinical Pearls

Comparison to TIMI and GRACE

HEART is simpler than GRACE (no haemodynamics calculation required)
HEART is better calibrated for ED chest pain than TIMI (which was derived in ACS patients)
HEART score has been validated in > 50,000 patients across 20+ countries

Known ECG/Troponin Limitation

LBBB pattern (paced or Sgarbossa-negative) can score a false +2 on ECG domain. In LBBB patients, apply Sgarbossa or modified Sgarbossa criteria to assess for STEMI equivalence separately.

Next Steps

Disposition Algorithm

01
HEART 0–3 + 2 negative hs-troponins: Discharge home. Outpatient cardiology/stress test within 72h.
02
HEART 4–6: Observation unit or admit. Stress test or coronary CTA. Cardiology consult.
03
HEART 7–10: Full ACS management. Antiplatelet therapy. Anticoagulation. Urgent cath lab referral.

Complementary Tools

TIMI Risk Score
GRACE Score
RCRI

The Evidence

Original Derivation

Chest pain in the emergency room: value of the HEART score.

Six AJ et al. • Netherlands Heart Journal.. 2008;16(6):191–196.

Prospective Validation

A prospective validation of the HEART score for chest pain patients at the emergency department.

Backus BE et al. • International Journal of Cardiology.. 2013;168(3):2153–2158. 880 patients.

Origins & History

HEART Score Development

Developed in the Netherlands by AJ Six and colleagues in 2008 as a simple bedside tool combining five clinical domains, each scored 0–2. Its elegant acronym (History, ECG, Age, Risk factors, Troponin) allows recall without a calculator. It has since become the dominant chest pain pathway tool in emergency medicine globally.

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026-07-17

Recent Journal Updates

JAMAJul 21, 2026
Correction to Primary Composite Outcome in a Trial of Transfusion Strategy

Clinical Context

We think this might be relevant to the clinical guidance for HEART Score — Chest Pain Risk Stratification.

Cancer MedicineJul 16, 2026
Notch3/4 Knockdown Inhibits Colon Adenocarcinoma Progression by Suppressing Tumor Cell Activity and Orchestrating VEGFA‐Dependent Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Clinical Context

We think this might be relevant to the clinical guidance for HEART Score — Chest Pain Risk Stratification.

FDA MedWatchJul 2, 2026
Heart Pump Recall: Abiomed Removes Impella CP Sets with SmartAssist

Clinical Context

We think this might be relevant to the clinical guidance for HEART Score — Chest Pain Risk Stratification.