Emergency Management Protocol

IV lorazepam and IV diazepam are established as efficacious (Level A).

Rectal diazepam, IM midazolam, intranasal midazolam, or buccal midazolam are probably effective and should be considered (Level B).

Non-IV midazolam (IM/intranasal/buccal) is probably more effective than diazepam (IV/rectal) (Level B).

IV valproic acid has similar efficacy but better tolerability than IV phenobarbital and should be considered (Level B).

Respiratory depression is the most common clinically significant treatment-emergent AE (Level A).