Treatment Protocol

Chloramphenicol 500 mg every 6 hours for 14 days. Child: 25 mg/kg per dose every 6 hours for 10–14 days.

Ciprofloxacin 500 mg every 12 hours for 14 days. Child: 10–15 mg/kg twice daily (not for <12 years if alternative available). OR Azithromycin 500 mg once daily for 7 days.

Ceftriaxone 2 g IV once daily for 14 days. Child: 100 mg/kg once daily.

Adequate hydration and nutrition. Antipyretics (paracetamol) for fever. IV fluids if unable to tolerate oral intake. Blood transfusion if haemorrhage. Surgical management of intestinal perforation.

Safe water supply and food hygiene. Hand hygiene after toilet and before food. Typhoid vaccine for high-risk populations and travellers. Report to public health authority.