Gastroenterology

Inflammatory bowel disease activity scores

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity assessment requires a combination of clinical, endoscopic, and histologic indices. The Mayo score for ulcerative colitis and the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) remain the primary clinical trial endpoints, while endoscopic scores like the Mayo Endoscopic Subscore (MES), UCEIS, CDEIS, and SES-CD provide objective mucosal assessment. The Nancy and Robarts histopathology indices add a histologic dimension to treatment target evaluation.

Upper and lower GI bleeding risk stratification

Upper GI bleeding risk stratification uses the Glasgow-Blatchford Score (GBS) to identify patients safe for outpatient management and the Rockall score to predict mortality risk. The AIMS65 score provides a simple mortality prediction using albumin, INR, mental status, systolic BP, and age. For lower GI bleeding, the Oakland and Strate scores guide triage and intervention decisions.

Acute and chronic pancreatitis severity scoring

Pancreatitis severity assessment spans multiple validated tools: Ranson criteria at 48 hours, the CT Severity Index (CTSI/Balthazar), the BISAP score for early prediction, and the Atlanta Classification for overall severity grading. Chronic pancreatitis is staged using the M-ANNHEIM system. These tools guide ICU admission, nutritional support, and intervention timing.