Diagnosis Protocol

Intermittent (undulant) fever. Aches and pains. Orchitis (inflammation of the testes in men). Vertebral osteomyelitis (uncommon but characteristic). Risk: contact with cattle, goats, sheep, pigs, dogs; drinking unpasteurised milk; handling contaminated meat.

Blood: complement fixation test or agglutination test. Isolation of infectious agent from blood, bone marrow, or other tissues by culture.