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ABC Score (Massive Transfusion)

ABC Score: Assessment of Blood Consumption. A rapid bedside score to predict the need for massive transfusion in trauma patients.

MTP Prediction Score

0

LOW RISK

Massive transfusion unlikely based on current parameters.

Guidelines & Evidence

Clinical Details

Section 1

When to Use

Clinical Use

Rapid assessment of the need for massive transfusion (MT) in trauma patients.

Triggering Massive Transfusion Protocols (MTP) early in the resuscitation phase.

Section 2

Formula & Logic

Calculation

Assign 1 point for each of the following (range 0-4):

Components

Penetrating mechanism of injury

Systolic BP ≤ 90 mmHg

Heart Rate ≥ 120 bpm

Positive FAST (Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma) exam

Section 3

Pearls/Pitfalls

Score Result

Score	Interpretation
≥ 2	Likely Massive Transfusion required (Sens 75%, Spec 86%)
< 2	Unlikely to require Massive Transfusion

Section 4

Evidence Appraisal

Key Reference

Early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma: simple as ABC

Nunez TC et al. • The Journal of Trauma. 2009;66(2):346-52

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026

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