Opi
Calc
BODE Index (Palliative context)
CAM-S (Confusion Assessment Method - Severity)
CPOT (Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool)
Death Rattle Scoring (Victoria)
Distress Thermometer
Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r)
FAST Scale (Dementia)
IPOS (Integrated Palliative Outcome Scale)
Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS)
Menten Score
Morphine Equivalent Daily Dose (MEDD)
Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC)
Opioid Risk Tool (ORT)
PAINAD Scale
Palliative Performance Scale (PPSv2)
Palliative Prognostic (PaP) Score
Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI)
Respiratory Distress Observation Scale (RDOS)
Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS-PAL)
e-PaP Score
Palliative Performance Scale (PPSv2)
PPSv2 is the gold-standard functional assessment tool in specialist palliative care.
PPS (0–100%)
Select performance level...
100% — Fully active, normal function
90% — Restricted in strenuous activities
80% — Normal work with some effort
70% — Self-care; unable to work
60% — Occasional assistance needed
50% — Considerable assistance needed
40% — Mostly bedbound
30% — Completely bedbound
20% — Unresponsive
10% — Actively dying
0% — Dead
Calculate
Guidelines & Evidence
Clinical Details
Section 1
When to Use
When to Use
Assessment of functional status in patients with life-limiting illness
Determination of hospice eligibility and advance care planning
Prognostic guidance in palliative care populations
Monitoring functional decline over time
Clinical Context
PPSv2 is the gold-standard functional assessment tool in specialist palliative care, replacing Karnofsky in this population.
Section 2
Formula & Logic
Scale Structure
11-stage scale ranging from 0% (dead) to 100% (fully active, normal function). Integrates ambulatory status, activity level, self-care ability, and intake.
Scoring Levels
100%
Fully active, normal function
90%
Restricted in strenuous activities
80%
Normal work/activities with some effort
70%
Self-care; unable to work
60%
Requires occasional assistance; mostly independent
50%
Requires considerable assistance; considerable time in bed
40%
Mostly in bed/chair; requires significant care
30%
Completely bedbound; requires all care
20%
Unresponsive; minimal function
10%
Actively dying
0%
Dead
Section 3
Pearls/Pitfalls
Key Advantages
Palliative-specific; superior to generic performance scales in this population
Simple, rapid assessment requiring no special equipment
Incorporates intake and self-care as key discriminators
Strong prognostic correlation with survival prediction
Known Limitations
Subjective assessment; inter-rater variability possible
Does not capture symptom burden or pain
Limited granularity at extreme scores
Section 4
Next Steps
Prognostic Correlation
PPS ≥ 50%
Survival typically ≥ 4 weeks
PPS 30–40%
Median survival ≈ 2 weeks
PPS < 20%
Median survival ≈ 1 week
Last Comprehensive Review: 2026
Related Palliative Care Tools
Palliative Prognostic Index
Palliative Prognostic
e-PaP Score
Menten Score
Edmonton Symptom Assessment System
IPOS
Distress Thermometer
Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale
Morphine Equivalent Daily Dose
Opioid Risk Tool
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