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Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS)

EFS: A multidimensional frailty tool assessing 9 domains. Combines patient self-report with objective tests (CDT, TUG).

Rate all 11 items

Clock Drawing Test (CDT)

Cognition

How many times have you been admitted to hospital in the last year?

General Health Status

In general, how would you describe your health?

General Health Status

How many of the following activities do you require help with? (Meal prep, shopping, transport, phone, housekeeping, laundry, meds, finances)

Functional Independence

When you need help, can you count on someone willing and able to meet your needs?

Social Support

Do you use 5 or more different prescription medications on a regular basis?

Medication Use

At times, do you forget to take your prescription medications?

Medication Use

Have you recently lost weight such that your clothing has become looser?

Nutrition

Do you often feel sad or depressed?

Mood

Do you have a problem with losing control of urine when you don't want to?

Continence

Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test: Time to rise from chair, walk 3m, return and sit.

Functional Performance
Guidelines & Evidence

Verified

Last Review: 2026

When to Use

When to Use

Comprehensive frailty assessment in primary care or geriatric outpatient clinics.
Preoperative risk stratification before elective or urgent surgery.
Identifying multidimensional drivers of frailty to guide targeted interventions.

Multidimensional Approach

While the Fried Phenotype focuses almost entirely on physical frailty, the EFS captures cognitive, social, pharmacological, and psychological domains, providing a more holistic picture of a patient's vulnerability.

Related Scores in Practice

In clinical practice, this assessment is frequently evaluated alongside other validated measures. Depending on the patient's presentation and specific diagnostic requirements, you may also need to utilize the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), Fried Frailty Phenotype or the FRAIL Scale to formulate a comprehensive care plan.

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026

Related Geriatrics Tools

Clinical Frailty Scale
Fried Frailty Phenotype
FRAIL Scale
4AT
Berg Balance Scale
CAM — Confusion Assessment Method
Lawton Instrumental ADL Scale
OSTA
HELP Score
Morse Fall Scale
Geriatrics CalculatorsInternal Medicine CalculatorsEmergency Medicine Calculators
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