Bacteremia Risk Shapiro

Bacteraemia Risk (Shapiro): Bedside pre-test bacteremia screening using the major and minor variables from the Shapiro rule.

Clinical Factors

Assessment Tier

Low

Score 0

Low predicted bacteraemia risk. Correlate with overall sepsis concern.

Guidelines & Evidence

Clinical Details

Section 1

When to Use

Use during early bedside triage when infection severity or treatment escalation is uncertain.

Support clinician judgement with a structured review of the highest-yield risk factors.

Standardise communication between admitting, ID, ICU, and pharmacy teams.

Section 2

Formula & Logic

Scoring Logic

Temperature ≥39.4°C (+3)

Indwelling vascular catheter (+2)

Rigors or shaking chills (+1)

Age >65 years (+1)

SBP <90 mmHg (+2)

WBC >18,000/µL (+1)

Section 3

Next Steps

Clinical Actions

Interpret the result together with source control, microbiology, host factors, and trajectory.

Escalate imaging, cultures, or specialist review when the tool lands in a high-risk tier.

Reassess dynamically if the patient deteriorates or new microbiology becomes available.

Section 4

Pearls/Pitfalls

Important Caveat

This tool supports structured infectious-disease decision making but does not replace clinician judgement or local guideline pathways.

Section 5

Evidence Appraisal

Evidence Base

This OpiCalc infectious-disease entry reflects commonly used guideline criteria and bedside risk features used in contemporary clinical practice.

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026

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