PENS Score

PENS Score: Prosthetic endocarditis bedside risk flags focusing on nosocomial organisms, embolic complications, and hemodynamic instability.

Clinical Factors

Assessment Tier

Lower

Score 0

Lower-risk profile, but prosthetic valve infection still warrants a low threshold for escalation.

Guidelines & Evidence

Clinical Details

Section 1

When to Use

Use during early bedside triage when infection severity or treatment escalation is uncertain.

Support clinician judgement with a structured review of the highest-yield risk factors.

Standardise communication between admitting, ID, ICU, and pharmacy teams.

Section 2

Formula & Logic

Scoring Logic

Prosthetic valve present (+2)

Early post-operative presentation (+2)

Nosocomial or healthcare-associated onset (+1)

Staphylococcal or fungal microbiology (+2)

Valve dehiscence or new conduction issue (+2)

Shock or severe heart failure (+3)

Section 3

Next Steps

Clinical Actions

Interpret the result together with source control, microbiology, host factors, and trajectory.

Escalate imaging, cultures, or specialist review when the tool lands in a high-risk tier.

Reassess dynamically if the patient deteriorates or new microbiology becomes available.

Section 4

Pearls/Pitfalls

Important Caveat

This tool supports structured infectious-disease decision making but does not replace clinician judgement or local guideline pathways.

Section 5

Evidence Appraisal

Evidence Base

This OpiCalc infectious-disease entry reflects commonly used guideline criteria and bedside risk features used in contemporary clinical practice.

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026

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