Logo

OpiCalc

FavoritesSpecialtiesDrugsGuidelinesMost Used

Quick Access

Favorites
Most Used

All Specialties

OpiCalc Logo
Clinical CalculatorsDrugsGuidelines
SpecsDrugsGuides
AST-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI Score)Acute Liver Failure Study Group Index (ALFSG Index)Age, Bilirubin, INR and Creatinine Score (ABIC Score)Albumin-Bilirubin Grade (ALBI Score)BMI, AST/ALT Ratio, and Diabetes Score (BARD Score)CLIF-C ACLF Score for Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (CLIF-C ACLF)CLIF-C AD Score for Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis (CLIF-C AD)CLIF-SOFA Score for Organ Failure Assessment (CLIF-SOFA)Cancer of the Liver Italian Program Score (CLIP Score)Child-Pugh Classification for Cirrhosis (Child-Pugh)Chinese University Prognostic Index (CUPI Score)Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4 Index)Lille Model for Alcoholic Hepatitis (Lille Model)Maddrey Discriminant Function (Maddrey DF)Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD Score)NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS)Simplified Autoimmune Hepatitis Score (Simplified AIH)
OpiCalc Logo

OpiCalc

Easy, fast, and private medical tools for clinicians. Always free.

No Login Required
Ready for the Bedside

Resources

About UsEditorial PolicyMedical DisclaimerPrivacy PolicyTerms of UseCookie Policy

Support

Contact Us

Clinical Notice:OpiCalc is not a substitute for professional clinical judgment. Always verify dosages and guidelines.

OpiCalc © 2026

•

All Rights Reserved

Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4 Index)

Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4 Index)

Non-Invasive Liver Fibrosis Staging

Formula: (Age × AST) / (Platelets × √ALT)

Fibrosis Engine

Enter age, liver enzymes and platelets to execute non-invasive fibrosis triage.

Guidelines & Evidence

Verified

Last Review: 2026-07-17

Clinical Significance

Screening for Advanced Fibrosis

Liver fibrosis is the strongest predictor of outcomes in chronic liver disease. The FIB-4 index allows for rapid, cost-free screening of large populations to identify those at risk for cirrhosis.

Reducing Biopsy Burden

FIB-4 has a very high Negative Predictive Value (NPV), meaning it can safely "rule out" advanced fibrosis in the majority of patients, sparing them from invasive liver biopsies.

Primary Care Utility

Because it uses only standard labs (CBC/CMP), FIB-4 is the preferred first-line tool for primary care physicians managing NAFLD/MASLD and Hepatitis C.

How it Works

The 4 FIB-4 Variables

Age: Years.
AST: Liver enzyme.
ALT: Liver enzyme.
Platelet Count: Marker of portal hypertension.

The Formula

FIB-4 = (Age × AST) / (Platelets × √ALT)

Risk Thresholds (< 65 years)

Low Risk: < 1.3 (NPV > 90%). High Risk: > 2.67 (PPV > 65%).

Clinical Pearls

Age Sensitivity

In patients over age 65, use a higher low-cutoff of 2.0 to avoid false positives caused by natural age-related changes.

The AST/ALT Shift

In early liver injury, ALT is usually higher than AST. As fibrosis and cirrhosis develop, AST typically rises above ALT, causing the FIB-4 score to increase.

Acute Flare Warning

Avoid calculating FIB-4 during an acute hepatitis flare (e.g., AST/ALT > 5x normal). The score will be falsely high and not reflective of the true underlying fibrosis.

Next Steps

Management Pathway

Low Risk (< 1.3): Annual lifestyle counseling and re-testing in 1-3 years.
Indeterminate Risk (1.3-2.67): Order a "tie-breaker" test like FibroScan (VCTE).
High Risk (> 2.67): Direct referral to Hepatology for cirrhosis evaluation.

The Evidence

Original HCV Validation

Development of a simple noninvasive index to predict significant fibrosis in patients with HIV/HCV coinfection.

Sterling RK et al. • Hepatology. 2006;The landmark study that established the FIB-4 formula and its clinical thresholds.

NAFLD/MASLD Validation

Comparison of noninvasive markers of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.

Shah AG et al. • Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009;Confirmed FIB-4 accuracy for fatty liver disease, identifying it as a top-performing non-invasive test.

Origins & History

The VCU Legacy

Developed at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) by Dr. Richard Sterling. It was born from the need to manage the massive influx of Hepatitis C patients in the early 2000s.

A Global Standard

FIB-4 has since become the most widely calculated liver score in the world, endorsed by every major hepatology society (AASLD, EASL, APASL).

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026-07-17

In Recent Clinical News

Scanning Medical Journals

No new significant updates or guidelines matching this topic were found today. We will check again soon.