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FGR Criteria (Consensus)

Solitary Criteria

Abdominal Circ. or EFW < 3rd percentile

Combined Criteria

AC / EFW < 10th percentile PLUS:

UtA-PI > 95th Percentile
UA-PI > 95th Percentile
CPR < 5th Percentile
AC/EFW crossing centiles (>2 quartiles)
Source: FIGO/ISUOG Delphi Consensus on Fetal Growth Restriction
Guidelines & Evidence

Verified

Last Review: 2026-07-17

When to Use

Primary Clinical Uses

Distinguishing pathological Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) from constitutionally small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses
Standardizing research definitions and clinical triaging for growth abnormalities globally

The Paradigm Shift

Historically, any fetus <10th percentile was labeled FGR. The Delphi consensus establishes that FGR is a trajectory/functional issue. A fetus dropping dramatically from the 70th to 15th percentile may be highly restricted, while a genetically healthy 8th percentile fetus is merely SGA.

How it Works

Early FGR (< 32 Weeks) - Needs ONE of the following:

AC or EFW < 3rd percentile
Absent End-Diastolic Flow (AEDF) in Umbilical Artery (UA)
AC or EFW < 10th percentile PLUS UA-PI > 95th percentile AND/OR MCA-PI < 5th percentile

Late FGR (≥ 32 Weeks) - Needs ONE isolated, OR TWO contributory:

Isolated Criteria: AC or EFW < 3rd percentile
Contributory (need ≥2): AC or EFW < 10th percentile
Contributory (need ≥2): AC or EFW crossing percentiles by > 2 quartiles (>50 percentile drop) on growth chart
Contributory (need ≥2): Cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) < 5th percentile OR UA-PI > 95th percentile

Clinical Pearls

Vital Nuance: Cerebroplacental Ratio (CPR)

CPR is MCA-PI divided by UA-PI.
A low index (< 5th percentile) strongly implies "brain-sparing" hemodynamics (vasodilation of fetal brain). In late FGR, CPR is often the ONLY abnormal Doppler metric before decompensation.

Next Steps

Management via TRUFFLE/ACOG Guidelines

01
Fetus meets SGA but not FGR (e.g., normal Doppler, steady growth): Reassure, schedule 2-3 weekly growth scans.
02
Fetus meets FGR Criteria: Initiate intensive surveillance. Non-Stress Tests (NST), Biophysical Profile (BPP), and Doppler indices (UA, MCA, ductus venosus) 1-2 times weekly depending on severity.
03
Absent end-diastolic flow (AEDF): Highly concerning. Accelerate surveillance. Consider delivery between 33+0 to 34+0 weeks after corticosteroids for lung maturation.
04
Reversed end-diastolic flow (REDF) or Ductus Venosus abnormal A-wave: Critical hypoxia. Highly imminent risk of fetal demise. Immediate delivery if viability parameters allow (frequently 30-32 weeks).

The Evidence

The Delphi Consensus

Consensus definition of fetal growth restriction: a Delphi procedure.

Gordijn SJ et al. • Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol.. 2016;Global panel of maternal-fetal medicine experts voted iteratively to separate true placental insufficiency (FGR) from demographic smallness.

Origins & History

Need for Clarity

Prior to 2016, there were over 100 different clinical definitions of FGR/IUGR published in medical literature. The Gordijn/ISUOG Delphi process was the first successful attempt to unify global Fetal Medicine societies under a single, pathophysiologically-driven definition.

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026-07-17

In Recent Clinical News

Scanning Medical Journals

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