| Condition | Prior Criteria (1991) | New 2022 Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| BMI threshold alone | ≥ 40 kg/m² | ≥ 35 kg/m² |
| BMI + Comorbidity | ≥ 35 kg/m² | ≥ 30 kg/m² |
| Asian Population Thresholds | N/A | BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m² |
| Adolescents | Restrictive | Considered generally eligible for selected youth |
The 2022 guidelines recognize metabolic surgery as a primary treatment for uncontrolled metabolic disease, not just mechanical weight loss. It is heavily prioritized for Type 2 Diabetes management regardless of extreme obesity.
Eligibility criteria is the starting point, not the clearance. Patients must undergo rigorous psychosocial, nutritional, and medical clearance. Active substance abuse, severe uncontrolled psychiatric illnesses, and inability to comply with lifelong supplements are contraindications.
2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO): Indications for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery
Includes: Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, NAFLD/NASH, severe osteoarthritis, etc.
Clinical obesity is defined at lower BMI values for Asian populations.