| Axis | Primary Screening Test | Confirmatory Test |
|---|---|---|
| Adrenal | 8AM Cortisol (≤ 3 µg/dL is definite) | ACTH Stimulation Test |
| Thyroid | TSH + Free T4 | TRH test (rarely used) |
| Gonadal | FSH, LH + Testosterone or Estradiol | GnRH stimulation (pediatrics) |
| Growth Hormone | IGF-1 (Age/Sex matched) | Glucagon or Insuln Tolerance Test |
| Posterior | Urine/Serum Osmolality | Water Deprivation Test |
CORTISOL MUST BE REPLACED FIRST. In patients with dual deficiency (ACTH and TSH), thyroid hormone replacement increases the metabolic clearance of cortisol. If cortisol is not replaced before starting levothyroxine, the patient may be thrust into an acute adrenal crisis.
The hallmark of secondary hypopituitarism is a "low or inappropriately normal" stimulating hormone (e.g., TSH) in the setting of low peripheral hormone (e.g., Free T4).
Hormonal Replacement in Hypopituitarism in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
Always correct ADRENAL (Cortisol) and THYROID axes first. Initiating levothyroxine in a patient with untreated adrenal insufficiency can precipitate an Adrenal Crisis.