| Fluid | Sodium Concentration |
|---|---|
| 3.0% Saline | 513 |
| 0.9% Saline | 154 |
| Lactated Ringer's | 130 |
In chronic hyponatraemia (>48h), the maximum safe rate of correction is 8–10 mEq/L per 24 hours. For high-risk patients (alcoholism, malnutrition, liver disease), limit correction to 4–6 mEq/L per 24 hours to prevent Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS).
In the presence of active seizures or brain herniation, a 100 mL bolus of 3% saline can be given over 10 minutes to rapidly raise SNa by ~2 mEq/L and reduce intracranial pressure.
Hyponatremia.
CRITICAL SAFETY: Do not exceed a correction rate of 8-10 mEq/L in any 24-hour period (6 mEq/L in high-risk patients) to avoid ODS (Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome).