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TAPSE

TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion — simple M-mode measurement of RV systolic function.

mm

M-mode measurement of lateral tricuspid annulus displacement from diastole to systole

Normal Reference Values

>16 mm: Normal
14–16 mm: Mild Dysfunction
11–14 mm: Moderate Dysfunction
<11 mm: Severe Dysfunction
Guidelines & Evidence

Verified

Last Review: 2026-07-17

When to Use

When to Use

First-line RV systolic function assessment on echocardiography
Screening for RV dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension
Risk stratification post-MI (especially inferior/RV infarction)
Serial monitoring in HF, PH, and after lung transplant
Prognostic indicator in acute decompensated HF

Key Advantages

Simple M-mode measurement; reproducible and operator-independent
No contrast required; works in poor acoustic windows
Correlates with RV EF from cardiac MRI
ESC/ASE endorsed; part of routine echo protocols

How it Works

Measurement Technique

Obtained in apical 4-chamber view (M-mode)
Cursor placed at lateral tricuspid annulus (not at RV free wall)
Measure systolic displacement from annular position in diastole to systole
Measured in mm; independent of image angle

Normal & Abnormal Values

TAPSE (mm)RV Systolic FunctionPrognosis
>16NormalNormal RV function
14–16Mild DysfunctionMildly reduced
11–14Moderate DysfunctionModerately reduced
<11Severe DysfunctionSevere reduction; high mortality risk

Clinical Pearls

Technical Notes

Must be lateral annulus (not at septum); septum shows reduced excursion by design
Reported as single value; not averaged across cardiac cycles
Angle-independent; true linear excursion measurement
Reduced TAPSE in LV dysfunction does not signify primary RV dysfunction

Prognostic Value

TAPSE <16 mm associated with HF readmission and mortality
Independent predictor of mortality in acute MI and HF
<11 mm indicative of severe RV dysfunction; consider mechanical support evaluation
Serial TAPSE decline (>2 mm/year) suggests disease progression

Next Steps

Normal TAPSE (>16 mm)

Normal RV systolic function; standard monitoring
No RV-specific interventions required
Reassess if clinical deterioration or new symptoms

Mild–Moderate Dysfunction (11–16 mm)

Assess for cause: PH, HF, RV infarction, PE, primary RV disease
Serial echo monitoring every 6–12 months
Optimize HF therapy; consider diuretics if volume overloaded
Screen for PH with BNP/NT-proBNP and right heart catheter if indicated

Severe Dysfunction (<11 mm)

Urgent cardiology referral; assess for acute decompensation
Consider inotropic support if cardiogenic shock
Evaluate for MCS / transplant candidacy if advanced HF
Aggressive PH-directed therapy if pulmonary hypertension present

Complementary Calculators

Biplane Simpson EF
AVA (Continuity Equation)
MVA (Pressure Half-Time)
EROA (PISA Method)
RVSP Calculator

The Evidence

Key Studies

Guidelines for the Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Adults: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography.

Rudski LG et al. • J Am Soc Echocardiogr.. 2010;e1-e42. The primary ASE guideline for RV assessment.

Origins & History

Development

TAPSE measurement has been used in echocardiography since the early 2000s, emerging from systolic RV functional assessment studies. Standardized by ASE and ESC guidelines; now considered part of fundamental RV assessment on every echocardiogram.

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026-07-17

Guidelines & Evidence

Verified

Last Review: 2026-07-17

When to Use

When to Use

First-line RV systolic function assessment on echocardiography
Screening for RV dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension
Risk stratification post-MI (especially inferior/RV infarction)
Serial monitoring in HF, PH, and after lung transplant
Prognostic indicator in acute decompensated HF

Key Advantages

Simple M-mode measurement; reproducible and operator-independent
No contrast required; works in poor acoustic windows
Correlates with RV EF from cardiac MRI
ESC/ASE endorsed; part of routine echo protocols

How it Works

Measurement Technique

Obtained in apical 4-chamber view (M-mode)
Cursor placed at lateral tricuspid annulus (not at RV free wall)
Measure systolic displacement from annular position in diastole to systole
Measured in mm; independent of image angle

Normal & Abnormal Values

TAPSE (mm)RV Systolic FunctionPrognosis
>16NormalNormal RV function
14–16Mild DysfunctionMildly reduced
11–14Moderate DysfunctionModerately reduced
<11Severe DysfunctionSevere reduction; high mortality risk

Clinical Pearls

Technical Notes

Must be lateral annulus (not at septum); septum shows reduced excursion by design
Reported as single value; not averaged across cardiac cycles
Angle-independent; true linear excursion measurement
Reduced TAPSE in LV dysfunction does not signify primary RV dysfunction

Prognostic Value

TAPSE <16 mm associated with HF readmission and mortality
Independent predictor of mortality in acute MI and HF
<11 mm indicative of severe RV dysfunction; consider mechanical support evaluation
Serial TAPSE decline (>2 mm/year) suggests disease progression

Next Steps

Normal TAPSE (>16 mm)

Normal RV systolic function; standard monitoring
No RV-specific interventions required
Reassess if clinical deterioration or new symptoms

Mild–Moderate Dysfunction (11–16 mm)

Assess for cause: PH, HF, RV infarction, PE, primary RV disease
Serial echo monitoring every 6–12 months
Optimize HF therapy; consider diuretics if volume overloaded
Screen for PH with BNP/NT-proBNP and right heart catheter if indicated

Severe Dysfunction (<11 mm)

Urgent cardiology referral; assess for acute decompensation
Consider inotropic support if cardiogenic shock
Evaluate for MCS / transplant candidacy if advanced HF
Aggressive PH-directed therapy if pulmonary hypertension present

Complementary Calculators

Biplane Simpson EF
AVA (Continuity Equation)
MVA (Pressure Half-Time)
EROA (PISA Method)
RVSP Calculator

The Evidence

Key Studies

Guidelines for the Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Adults: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography.

Rudski LG et al. • J Am Soc Echocardiogr.. 2010;e1-e42. The primary ASE guideline for RV assessment.

Origins & History

Development

TAPSE measurement has been used in echocardiography since the early 2000s, emerging from systolic RV functional assessment studies. Standardized by ASE and ESC guidelines; now considered part of fundamental RV assessment on every echocardiogram.

Last Comprehensive Review: 2026-07-17

Recent Journal Updates

JAMAJul 21, 2026
Correction to Primary Composite Outcome in a Trial of Transfusion Strategy

Clinical Context

We think this has broad domain relevance to TAPSE (RV Systolic Function).

Clinical Pharmacology TherapeuticsJul 20, 2026
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling for the Iminosugar Lucerastat Supports Dose Adaptation in Patients With Fabry Disease and Moderate to Severe Renal Function Impairment

Clinical Context

We think this might be relevant to the clinical guidance for TAPSE (RV Systolic Function).

WHO NewsJul 15, 2026
New WHO guidelines: up to 45% of dementia risk could be prevented or delayed

Clinical Context

We think this might be relevant to the clinical guidance for TAPSE (RV Systolic Function).